Rohini Knudson
SPED Professional Portfolio
Assess This.
Much of this course focuses on the value of comprehensive neuropsychological assessments in uncovering the reasons for the difficulties that educators face in getting autistic children to succeed academically. As has historically been the case ever since the parent-blaming theories (Bettelheim, 1967) of autism were debunked, it is hoped that the causes of failure can be discovered in the child. And it often is, as one would expect, given that all humans have their own unique strengths and weaknesses in various domains of functioning. The hope is that once a student’s weaknesses are discovered, they can be remedied by intensive intervention, making these perceived deficits the focus of their life.
Case Study
Consider for example, the following case study of a young boy described by his parents as an ‘active and curious toddler’. From an early age, he had a strong dislike for authority and hated being told what to do. Twice in his early years, his parents had to rush him to the emergency room: one time because he had stuck a metal pin into an electric socket and burned his hand, and another time because he had eaten poison. Perhaps he’d have benefited from Ivaar Lovas’s intensive early intervention project at UCLA that aimed to teach such children a new respect for the word ‘NO!’ (click to learn more). At least, that might have saved his parents a lot of anxiety and work.
School
School was a challenge for this ‘curious and active boy’. He was interested in machines and electronics and liked tinkering with them. However, this was of course not encouraged or allowed at school. He had learned to read before he joined kindergarten and claimed to be bored at school. He busied himself with pranks and practical jokes that got him in trouble. By the end of third grade, he had been sent home from school several times for his behavioral issues. The one subject that he didn’t mind was math and he could be bribed into doing math problems for one of his teachers who formed a connection with him.
His school decided he needed to be challenged more. He was made to skip a grade or two and sent into middle school. But the social challenges of surviving middle school with kids that were chronologically older than him were too much for him to handle and he decided he wouldn’t be there anymore. Further, his sixth-grade report card noted that he had trouble getting motivated.
His parents were luckily able to move to a new city and find a new school where he presumably felt less threatened. It even had an electronics class with a well-equipped lab. But this young boy, with his rebellious attitude and rejection of authority, clashed with the teacher. He was usually “off in a corner doing something on his own and really didn’t want to have much of anything to do with either the teacher or the rest of the class.” Although he loved electronics, he dropped the course.
Fortunately for this boy, his parents had moved to the part of the country where a veritable revolution was taking place in the very area that interested him – electronics. Outside of school, he joined an engineering club where students got to hear real engineers talk to them about their projects: lasers, holography, light-emitting diodes. This helped the boy connect his interest with real world applications and truly inspired him to work on projects of his own design.
free, appropriate public education
This boy lived in times before IDEA mandated a free, appropriate public education for all students. He was at school even before IDEA’s predecessor Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) was introduced by US legislators in 1975. So, he slipped through the cracks. His educators simply considered him an anomaly and let him be. He exited high school with a GPA of 2.65. They were not required to use ‘evidence-based’ assessments and interventions to investigate why this child couldn’t be ‘motivated to learn’ or why he was ‘noncompliant’ and came off as having a ‘difficult personality’ and did not form ‘typical relationships with his teacher and peers’. They didn’t have the processes and resources in place to nip this problem in the bud and 'help' this student achieve academically to his potential.
aftermath
It’s probably for the best that they did not make him spend his time and effort on academic and social success for if they had you would not be reading this on your Mac or iPhone today (A PC user, are you? Never mind. Stay with me anyway :)).
As you’ve probably guessed, the case study was of a real person – Steve Jobs. The information I’ve included here was obtained from these articles: Steve Jobs: The childhood of a great inventor - BBC Science Focus Magazine, Steve Jobs's High School GPA Is Proof That Grades Aren't Everything | Cult of Mac. But I’ve been thinking about this story ever since I read his biography by Walter Isaacson. (Steve Jobs by Walter Isaacson). The author does not mention autism, but I could see my autistic son’s personality reflected in the book’s subject – his curiosity, his passion for his interests, his emotionality, his dislike of authority, his perseverance, his persuasiveness, his appreciation of beauty, his attention to detail, and his trouble connecting with people who do not enter his world.
Steve Jobs was fortunate to have parents who saw his failure in typical environments as the result of the unsuitability of the environment to their son’s needs and not their son’s failure to adapt to the available environment. So, they apparently did not invest much in attempting to fix him or in helping him live a typical life. He was free to choose his own, often untrodden and precarious paths and was lucky enough to find the right opportunities and environments that let him accomplish his dreams.
But will there be another Steve Jobs? With parents now being told that children like him need to be identified early and made to comply and fit the mold, lest they do not succeed academically and ‘contribute to society’? What will happen to the ‘curious and active’ children of today? Will they find their ‘explorer’s club’ where they get to witness real world applications of their interests and be inspired by others who share them? Should we leave this to chance? Or worse yet, will our strict policies and procedures ensure that even 'chance' can no longer let a Steve Jobs thrive?
Steve Jobs was fortunate enough to enter adulthood with his identity and sense of personhood intact and this gave him the confidence he needed to pursue his dreams. Will children like him in the post-IDEA era have similar opportunities or will they be assessed and found wanting all through their childhood? How will this impact their ability to live self-determined lives?
Do you see what I’m trying to say here? I think you probably could, but to do so, you might have to ‘Think Different’. 😊